DNA quantification of blood samples pre-treated with pyramidon / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study DNA quantification and STR typing of samples pre-treated with pyramidon.@*METHODS@#The blood samples of ten unrelated individuals were anticoagulated in EDTA. The blood stains were made on the filter paper. The experimental groups were divided into six groups in accordance with the storage time, 30 min, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24h after pre-treated with pyramidon. DNA was extracted by three methods: magnetic bead-based extraction, QIAcube DNA purification method and Chelex-100 method. The quantification of DNA was made by fluorescent quantitative PCR. STR typing was detected by PCR-STR fluorescent technology.@*RESULTS@#In the same DNA extraction method, the sample DNA decreased gradually with times after pre-treatment with pyramidon. In the same storage time, the DNA quantification in different extraction methods had significant differences. Sixteen loci DNA typing were detected in 90.56% of samples.@*CONCLUSION@#Pyramidon pre-treatment could cause DNA degradation, but effective STR typing can be achieved within 24 h. The magnetic bead-based extraction is the best method for STR profiling and DNA extraction.

Association between occupational stress and musculoskeletal disorders in lower extremity / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between occupational stress and musculoskeletal disorders in lower extremity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cross-sectional study was used to investigate 5338 workers in 13 factories and companies for prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in lower extremity, working postures and occupational stress were investigated with questionnaires for past year. Perceived occupational stress was evaluated by the Chinese version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) Model Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the associations between occupational stress and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in lower extremity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the main dimensions of job strain and ERI model, physical demands and effort were risk factors of hip disorders, but job control was a protective factor of hip disorders. When job strain and ERI model scales were analyzed simultaneously, only physical demands were risk factor of hip disorders. When job strain and the effort-reward imbalance were computed by creating four independent categories, job strain was a risk factor of hip disorders, ERI was a risk factor of hip and knee disorders. The risk of imbalance between job strain and effort-reward the protective effect of job control increased with the disorder regions. According to continuous variable analysis, job strain by calculated with physical demands was risk factor of hip disorders, continuous ERI variable was risk factor of hip and knee disorders.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Occupational stress is associated significantly with musculoskeletal disorders in lower extremity. The control of occupational stress and increase of job control should be considered for preventing the musculoskeletal disorders in lower extremity.</p>

Analysis of musculoskeletal disorders, work load and working postures among manufacturing workers / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the distribution of the musculoskeletal disorders, work load and working postures in different factories, gender, education levels, age and working years among manufacturing workers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a cross-sectional study of 5134 manufacturing workers in 12 factories, the morbidities for musculoskeletal disorders in one year period were measured with questionnaires.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The morbidities for musculoskeletal disorders in body sites: waist, neck, shoulder, wrist, ankle/feet, knee, hip/buttocks and elbows were 59.7%, 47.9%, 38.1%, 33.7%, 26.9%, 25.4%, 15.2%, and 14.9%, respectively in one year period. There were significant differences of morbidities for musculoskeletal symptoms in body sites of workers among different factories (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The morbidities of musculoskeletal symptoms in elbows, waist, wrists and ankle/feet of the workers in refractory material and chemical fiber factories were higher than those in other factories, the morbidities for musculoskeletal symptoms of workers in garments and diamond factories were lower than those in other factories. The morbidities for musculoskeletal symptoms in neck, shoulders and wrists of female workers were significantly higher than those of male workers (P < 0.01). There were significant differences of the morbidities for musculoskeletal symptoms in body sites among workers with different educational levels (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). There were significant differences of the morbidities for musculoskeletal symptoms in neck, shoulders, wrists, hip/buttocks and knee among groups with different age or different working years (P < 0.01), and the morbidities for musculoskeletal symptoms increased with age and working years. The proportions of unhealthy working postures and high working load among workers in refractory material and chemical fiber factories were higher; but those in garments and diamond factories were lower.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The morbidities for musculoskeletal symptoms in waist, neck, shoulder and wrists of workers in manufacturing workers were higher; the gender, education level, age and working years could influenced the morbidities for musculoskeletal disorders.</p>

Study on force feedback of acupuncture manipulation at Jianliao (TE 14) based on VOXEL-MAN / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the mechanical virtual reality when acupuncture on Jianliao (TE 14) so as to get perform perceptual knowledge of acupuncture for beginners through studying 3D reconstruction of surrounding tissues of this acupoint.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Related tissues were segmented and reconstructed by establishing mathematics model based on the operational platform of VOXEL-MAN (vision reappearance); and mechanical model was constructed and fused with related data of virtual human (touch reappearance); data communication between the force feedback apparatus and the operational platform of virtual human were set up by interchanging vision reappearance module and touch reappearance module.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In Linux system, the operator could experience the mechanical changes while needle-tip passing various tissues of Jianliao (TE 14) as well as lifting and thrusting evenly in needling process through the force feedback apparatus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Based on the platform of VOXEL-MAN, the sensation of needling at jianliao (TE 14) could be reappeared idealy by strength feedback instrument, so that the beginners could imitate, learn and practice the virtual acupuncture.</p>

Preliminary study on force feedback of acupuncture in virtual reality based on the visible human / 中国医疗器械杂志

This paper discusses the application of virtual reality technology in the 3-D visible human body and acupuncture research. Based on the 3-D visible human fused with the localization information and hierarchy of acupoints, the paper analyzes the force against the needle and haptic rendering during the needle manipulation according to the physical properties of different tissues. A haptic model is constructed to demonstrate the force behaviors during acupuncture, and the force will be produced and passed to the manipulator by a force feedback device. It enriches the contents of 3-D visible human project, provides a dynamic simulation instrument for acupuncture teaching, and supplies a platform for acupuncture research.

Brief analysis on scientifity of the international scalp acupuncture / 中国针灸

By comparing and analyzing the similarity among the international scalp acupuncture, JIAO's scalp acupuncture and ZHU's scalp acupuncture, it is believed that the international scalp acupuncture is a combination of traditional acupuncture and other scalp acupuncture on the basis of channel theory of TCM, and this combination is worthy of discussion. However JIAO's scalp acupuncture lacks scientific evidence. So, the international scalp acupuncture following most contents of JIAO's scalp acupuncture is worthy of discussion.

Three-D visualization study on the acupoint of Jianliao (TE 14) based on the operational platform of Voxel-man / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the problem difficult to be presented for nerves and blood vessels in the 3D reconstruction of acupoints through studying 3D reconstruction of Jianliao (TE 14).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Muscles and other tissues were segmented by applying cointeractive segmentation method based on chromatic characteristic space; the nerve and blood vessels can be reconstructed by establishing mathematics model, and the needle-inserting animation of Jianliao (TE 14) could be obtained by running script file.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the course of 3D needle-inserting animation of Jianliao (TE 14), the spatial location between all kinds of tissues including the nerve and blood vessels and the needle body could be systematically observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The difficulty of presenting the nerve and blood vessels in the study on 3D reconstruction of acupoints can be resolved by establishing mathematics model. The generation of 3D animation for acupoints with the nerve and blood vessels is benefit to acupuncture teaching and study on the essence of acupoints and channels.</p>

Safety and tolerance study of single oral dose of adefovir dipivoxil tablets in healthy volunteers / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To assess the safety and tolerance of adefovir dipivoxil tablet in Chinese healthy volunteers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 42 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study, 21 were female and 21 were male and their age ranged from 19 to 26 years. The subjects were randomly divided into 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 mg dose-groups (6-10 subjects in each group) based on sex and weight, beginning with the 5 mg dose-group. Clinical symptoms, vital signs, electrocardiogram, routine blood test, routine urine test, prothrombin time and blood biochemical tests were recorded and evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant changes were found in clinical symptoms, vital signs and laboratory tests after dosing, except slight elevations of alanine aminotransferase in 2 subjects and bilirubin in 6 subjects observed and some gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea found in 3 subjects, but the frequency and severity of all the adverse reactions were not found to be related to the dosages.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results showed that single oral dose of adefovir dipivoxil 60 mg or less was safe and tolerable.</p>